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Sudan faces rapidly-spreading cholera outbreak, 1000 daily cases in capital

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A fast-spreading cholera outbreak has hit Sudan with officials reporting more than 1,000 cases a day in the capital of the war-torn country.

The outbreak is centred around the capital, Khartoum, and has spread as many Sudanese who had fled the country’s war return home. Residents are often only able to find unclean water – which is a dangerous conduit for the disease – as much of the sanitation system has collapsed amid the civil war.

According to Nicolas Jean, the head of Doctors Without Borders mission in Sudan, also known as Médecins Sans Frontières or MSF, Khartoum is now getting above 1,000 cases a day.

He blamed the lack of clean water, hygiene and lack of access to health care for the rise in the spread of the disease.

Most cases have been reported in Khartoum and its twin city of Omdurman, but cholera was also detected in the provinces of North Kordofan, Sennar, Gazira, White Nile and Nile River, health officials said. Khartoum and Omdurman were a battleground throughout the civil war, which nearly emptied them of residents. The region of the capital was recaptured by the military in late March from its rival, the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, or RSF.

Since then, some 34,000 people have returned. But the city has been wrecked by months of fighting. Many found their homes damaged. Clean water is difficult to find, in part because attacks on power plants have disrupted electricity and worsened water shortages, UNICEF said. Sanitation systems are damaged.

The “disease of poverty”

Health workers fear the outbreak could spread quickly, since many people are packed into displacement centres making it difficult to isolate those infected.

The health system has also broken down. More than 80% of hospitals are out of service and those that are operating have shortages of water, electricity and medication, said Dr. Sayed Mohamed Abdullah, of Sudan’s Doctors Union.

The World Health Organization describes cholera as a “disease of poverty” because it spreads where there is poor sanitation and a lack of clean water.

It is a diarrheal disease caused when people eat food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is easily treatable with rehydration solutions and antibiotics. Most of those infected have only mild symptoms but, in severe cases, the disease can kill within hours if left untreated.

The WHO’s global stockpile of oral cholera vaccines has dropped below its minimum threshold of 5 million doses, making it increasingly difficult to stop outbreaks

At the same time, cholera epidemics have been on the rise around the world since 2021, because of poverty, conflict and extreme climate events like floods and cyclones, the U.N. says.

The civil war has devastated Sudan since it erupted in April 2023, when simmering tensions between the military and the RSF exploded into open warfare across the country. At least 24,000 people have been reported killed, though the number is likely far higher.

More than 14 million have been displaced and forced from their homes, including over 4 million who streamed into neighbouring countries. Famine was announced in at least five locations with the epicentre in the wrecked Darfur region.



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Africa

New US law targets fentanyl-related copycat drugs driving overdose deaths

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US President Donald Trump has signed into law a bill aimed at quelling the fentanyl crisis sweeping America.  

The law targets all fentanyl-related drugs, including copycat versions of the potent opioid that evade current US regulations.

Illegal forms of the drug, often made in China, have been driving US overdose deaths for years. 

“With this bill, we are officially and permanently classifying all fentanyl related substances as Schedule 1 narcotics, which is actually a very big deal,” Trump said at a signing ceremony at the White House on Wednesday.

“That doesn’t sound like much. It’s a big deal, as they will tell you. Meaning, anyone caught trafficking these illicit poisons will be punished with a mandatory ten year minimum sentence in prison. We’ll be getting the drug dealers, pushers and peddlers off our street and we will not rest until we have ended the drug overdose epidemic. And it’s been getting a little bit better, but it’s horrible. It’s horrible.” 

More than 70,000 Americans died of opioid overdose in 2023, according to official statistics. That number has dropped significantly in the last year but as of February 2025, overdose remains the leading cause of death for Americans aged 18-44, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  

Doctors sometimes prescribe fentanyl for severe pain. The legislation does not affect fentanyl when used for medical purposes. 



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South Africa: Eskom targets mainly clean energy sources by 2040

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South Africa’s Eskom aims to shift to mainly clean energy sources by 2040, the company said on Wednesday.

The state-owned power utility is currently operating with a predominantly coal-based generation fleet.

Eskom told South African lawmakers it planned to have 32 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy capacity by 2040, compared to less than 1 GW now.

In the same timeframe, the company wants its coal capacity to shrink from 39 GW to 18 GW.

Eskom generates about 95% of electricity used in South Africa, and is the biggest producer of power on the continent, according to the United States International Trade Administration

But the company has also been criticised for its contribution to air pollution.

In 2021, the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) think tank named Eskom the world’s largest emitter of sulfur dioxide (SO2), a toxic gas for humans.

Eskom emits more SO2 than the entire power sector of the European Union and the US combined, CREA’s assessment found.

The South African company told lawmakers that its R400 billion ($22.31 billion) debt burden slowed its investment in renewable energy.

Eskom has been in a unstable financial situation for several years. The firm reported a R55 billion after-tax loss for the 2024 financial year.

To shift towards a greener production, Eskom said it will “repower” older coal-fired power stations slated for closure with newer technologies.

The firm will also have its own renewable energy business unit to implement new projects and partner with private companies.



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France: Prime minister proposes cutting two public holidays to save money in 2026 budget

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France’s prime minister proposed on Tuesday to cut two public holidays from the country’s calendar, in an effort to save money in next year’s budget. 

François Bayrou targeted Easter Monday which he said has “no religious meaning”, and 8 May, the day marking the Allied victory over the Nazis in World War II. 

“The entire nation needs to work more to produce and for the country’s overall activity to be more significant throughout the year, so that France’s situation improves”, Bayrou said in an address to lawmakers.

Bayrou’s proposal is among a raft of spending cuts laid out in a sweeping, and potentially doomed, budget plan.

He argued that removing two state holidays would bring in tax revenues generated from economic activity, contributing to around €44 billion euros in overall savings.

“It means working more to earn less. It means asking us to work for free. When are we going to talk about dividends [for shareholders]?”, said Sophie Binet, the secretary-general of the General Confederation Labour union, on TV channel France 2.

France currently has 11 public holidays per year, slightly below the European Union average of 12,07.

Bayrou’s proposal also drew criticism from opposition parties. 

“Bayrou declares a social war”, said Mathilde Panot, the president of the leftist La France Insoumise group at the National Assembly, in a press conference.

“The abolition of two public holidays, as meaningful as Easter Monday and 8 May, is a direct attack on our history, our roots, and the working France”, said far-right National Rally president Jordan Bardella on X.

President Emmanuel Macron tasked Bayrou with crafting a budget that shaves costs to bring down France’s staggering debt and deficit, while also adding billions in new defence spending to face what Macron says are resurgent threats from Russia and beyond.

Among other spending cuts on Tuesday, Bayrou said that a third of civil servants would not be replaced when they retired. He also said France would scale back its subsidies for prescription medicine.

The CGT called for demonstrations in autumn to protest the measures.

With no parliamentary majority, Macron’s centrist grouping must win support from adversaries on the left and right to pass the budget this fall.

Bayrou’s job is precarious, and he could be voted out if he fails to reach compromise on the budget.



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