France returned its last two military bases to Senegalese forces Thursday morning amid a wave of anti-French sentiment in West Africa.

General Mbaye Cissé and Chief of the French command in Africa, Pascal Ianni, oversaw the official handover ceremony in Dakar, which marks the end of France’s 65-year presence in Senegal.

“This is an important turning point in the rich and long military history between our two countries.” General Cissé said in his speech during the event.

He noted that the French and Senegalese armies had “defined new objectives” to “give new meaning to the security partnership” between the two countries. 

“The Senegalese armed forces are looking forward to consolidating the many achievements made in the quest for strategic autonomy,” he concluded.

The French army has had a permanent base in Senegal since the country’s independence from France in 1969. Camp Geille, where around 350 French soldiers are stationed, is the last base to return to Senegalese command after several other military installations have been shut down since March last year. 

Senegal pushes to end French influence

In December, President Bassirou Diomaye Faye declared that his government would work towards ending foreign military presence on Senegalese soil by 2025.

The announcement followed growing criticisms of neo-colonial influence in Senegal, which culminated in several French-owned businesses being torched and looted during mass demonstrations in 2021. 

“Senegal is an independent country, it is a sovereign country, and sovereignty does not accept the presence of military bases in a sovereign country,” Faye said to AFP.

Several scandals have soured the relationship between Senegal and its former colonial ruler. Faye announced the closure of French military bases on the 80th anniversary of the mass killings of West African soldiers by French forces. 

Members of the Tirailleurs Senegalais unit, who fought in France’s war against Nazi Germany, had been protesting delays in salaries and poor living conditions when colonial soldiers shot them.

President Emmanuel Macron sent a letter to President Faye this year, admitting that France committed a “massacre”.

France’s waning diplomatic influence in West Africa

The closure of the Senegalese military operation is just the latest diplomatic blow to France as a wave of French-critical governments have ascended to power in West Africa.

Coups in France’s former colonies, Burkina Faso, Niger and Mali from 2020 to 2023 have resulted in the ejection of 4,300 French soldiers, with military leaders cutting ties with France in favour of new allies, including Russia. 

In 2022, France pulled out of the Central African Republic, and earlier this year, France handed over its last bases in Ivory Coast and Chad. The base in Djibouti remains France’s last permanent mission in Africa, with approx. 1500 soldiers stationed. 

US President Donald Trump has signed into law a bill aimed at quelling the fentanyl crisis sweeping America.  

The law targets all fentanyl-related drugs, including copycat versions of the potent opioid that evade current US regulations.

Illegal forms of the drug, often made in China, have been driving US overdose deaths for years. 

“With this bill, we are officially and permanently classifying all fentanyl related substances as Schedule 1 narcotics, which is actually a very big deal,” Trump said at a signing ceremony at the White House on Wednesday.

“That doesn’t sound like much. It’s a big deal, as they will tell you. Meaning, anyone caught trafficking these illicit poisons will be punished with a mandatory ten year minimum sentence in prison. We’ll be getting the drug dealers, pushers and peddlers off our street and we will not rest until we have ended the drug overdose epidemic. And it’s been getting a little bit better, but it’s horrible. It’s horrible.” 

More than 70,000 Americans died of opioid overdose in 2023, according to official statistics. That number has dropped significantly in the last year but as of February 2025, overdose remains the leading cause of death for Americans aged 18-44, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  

Doctors sometimes prescribe fentanyl for severe pain. The legislation does not affect fentanyl when used for medical purposes. 

Eswatini announced on Wednesday that it would repatriate the five immigrants deported there by the United States. 

In a late-night post on X Tuesday, US Homeland Security Assistant Secretary Tricia McLaughlin said five men — citizens of Vietnam, Jamaica, Cuba, Yemen and Laos — had been deported to Eswatini.

She said they were all convicted criminals and “individuals so uniquely barbaric that their home countries refused to take them back.”

Eswatini became the latest nation to take part in the Trump administration’s third-country deportation programme. 

The kingdom’s involvement drew some criticism from the opposition. 

“We condemn the bringing of hardcore convicts to our country to mix with our young convicts who still have a chance to be rehabilitated”, said Mphandlana Shongwe, a political activist from the People’s United Democratic Movement.

“We can approach the courts, the International Court of Justice, or any other legal institutions to possibly complain.” 

Prince Bailey, from the Swaziland United Democratic Front, said the deportations made Eswatini look like “a dumping site [for] those people that the American government view as unworthy to be in their own country.”

Eswatini government spokesperson Thabile Mdluli said in a statement that the deportees paused “no security threat to the nation” and were being held in correctional facilities within isolated units while “on transit.”

She said the country was working with the US and the International Organization for Migration to “facilitate” their repatriation. The government gave no timeframe for that to happen.

The US has already deported eight men to another African country, South Sudan, after the Supreme Court lifted restrictions on sending people to countries where they have no ties.

The US also has sent hundreds of Venezuelans and others to Costa Rica, El Salvador and Panama.